استعرض مصدر Situation Analysis: Key Development Challenges Facing Egypt

==من النص Executive Summary==
Social Protection

The New Pension Law: Egypt is introducing and enforcing a new fully funded pension system based on defined
contributions and a unified law that targets all segments of the population. To encourage compliance, the new
pension system reduces the contribution rates to 11% for the insured individual and 19.5% for the employer.
It provides protection against '''old age''', disability, work injury, unemployment and death at a lower cost than
the current pension system, especially for low and medium wages, including casual and informal workers. The
retirement age will gradually rise to 65 years to face the increase in life expectancy and hence the financial
commitments of the system. An individual’s pension benefit replacement rate will represent 75% to 88% of the 
value of his/her last net wage before retirement, disability or death. The gradual implementation of the new
pension system will help reduce the financial burdens incurred by the public treasury; enhance the system’s
fiscal sustainability; maintain the role of the state in income redistribution; improve economic efficiency; and
develop the capital market. To successfully implement the system it is essential to enhance public trust in the
government’s ability to honor its long-term commitments at retirement and not to excessively use pension
funds in financing the budget deficit.

A New and Universal '''Social Health Insurance''' (SHI) System. Egypt’s proposed new health insurance system is
to provide financial protection through risk pooling and protection from catastrophic illness that can push
people into poverty. Current political thinking proposes to cover the whole population (up from the current
50%) under a unified law aiming at achieving equity in access and quality services. The government is currently
working to implement a plan that will offer a baseline minimum of healthcare for all Egyptians and
underwrite a long list of basic health procedures. Pilot programs are now underway in the governorates of
Suez, Sohag and Alexandria. A 10-year phased plan will roll out a partnership between the public and private
sectors in which the insurance industry plays an important supporting role. Financing the SHI system relies on
the principle of solidarity that will require income-related contributions which apply to those with a regular
or assessable income.