Retinopathy induced by drugs and herbal medicines

تعليق: وفي إيطاليا أيضا مشاكل شبكية. --احمد شوقي محمدين 22:48، 1 نوفمبر 2016 (ت ع م)

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2008; 12: 293-298

Corresponding Author: Lucia Micheli, BD; e-mail: michelil@unisi.it

Retinopathy induced by drugs and herbal medicines

C. NENCINI1,2, L. BARBERI1, F.M. RUNCI1, L. MICHELI1

Abstract. – Retina is the part of the eye suffering most damage from drugs. It is made up of a thin nervous membrane that covers the eye-ball internally, within the thickness of which three types of cells are ordered. In this paper we describe the drugs that are responsible for retinal side effects.

Most commonly recognized drugs-induced retinopathy have a particular affinity for the retinal pigmented epithelium: antimalarials (quinine, hydroxychloroquine, mefloquine), phenothiazines, indomethacin, ethambutol, and desferrioxamine. Attention is especially focused on drugs more recently suspected of adverse reactions in the retina: vigabatrin, gabapentin, sildenafil, tamoxifen, isotretinoin, interferon, and omeprazole.

Moreover, we referred some reports of retinopathy by herbal medicines and nutritional supplements (canthaxanthine, Gingko biloba L. and Glycyrrhiza glabra L.)

This review is based on data published in scientific journals indexed by the PubMed and Medline databases. The last search of the literature was conducted in April 2008.

Key Words:

Retina, Retinopathy, Drugs, Adverse reactions, Herbal medicines

AIFA (Italian Drug Agency) received six reports of iatrogenic retinopathy during the period between the January 2001 and April 2008. Three of these reports regarded interferon alfa, one concerned grave reaction with vigabatrin, one interferon-ribavirin, and one involved omeprazole.

Omeprazole

Ocular side effects reported with <1% prevalence نحتاج مراجعة هذا الرقم are: blurred vision, ocular irritation, dry eye syndrome, optic atrophy, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, optic neuritis, diplopia. Visual disturbance has been associated with the use of high dose parenteral omeprazole13. However, the strength of this association has been debated, and the higher number of reports of visual disturbance with omeprazole compared with the other proton pump inhibitors may simply reflect greater omeprazole usage14. The results from one large cohort study failed to show a major increased risk for ocular disorder associated with the use of omeprazole or other anti-ulcer drugs, as the pantoprazole, rabeprazole and esomeprazole15,16. نحتاج مراجعتها فهل شملت مسنين أو خالات رعاية مركزة؟

http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.556.1349&rep=rep1&type=pdf